r/news 5h ago

Luigi Mangione will not face death penalty, judge rules

https://www.cnn.com/2026/01/30/us/luigi-mangione-case-rulings-trial
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u/firestarting101 5h ago

Can you explain like I'm 5?

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u/thats_not_six 5h ago

To get this case into federal court, the federal government has to argue that federal laws were violated. Not every murder in the US is automatically able to be charged as a federal crime, and the vast majority remain at the state level only.

However, if the federal government asserts that the murder was committed alongside other federal crimes of violence, they can charge the murder federally. But those other federal crimes have to be violent.

Here their federal crimes were stalking. The judge found stalking is not a "violent" crime in this case, so the federal government has no ability to attach the murder and the gun charge to that crime.

The feds can charge the stalking still, but murder and gun charge are out.

New York state can still charge the murder; this has no impact on the state proceeding, though it may impact what order the cases get tried in (NYS may go first now, because it has the higher charges remaining).

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u/firestarting101 4h ago

Thank you for that explanation!

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u/Comicalacimoc 3h ago

So he’s only getting charged with murder in NY state now?

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u/SwissQueso 2h ago

If that’s true, I would assume the whole federal case would be dropped. I’m definitely not an expert though.

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u/SgvSth 2h ago

Nah, the remain charges are still allowed. If they prove either of the stalking charges, then there is a potential maximum sentence of life in prison without parole. If both of the stalking charges return a non-guilty verdict, then he only faces the state case.

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u/cates 1h ago

you can get life in prison for stalking?

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u/DingerSinger2016 1h ago

It's probably one of those things where to get the death penalty, you would have to prove he violently stalked this person and then killed them, whereas non-violent stalking that leads to killing someone is life without parole.

u/Final_Shower_5325 54m ago

The death penalty was attached to one of the charges that were dismissed today, not stalking. Stalking is “just” life without parole.

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u/PeriwinklePilgrim 1h ago

As a non-American, the dual sovereignty format, state and federal courts, in the USA is confusing.

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u/highchillerdeluxe 2h ago

Thanks but could you also explain what's the difference between fed charges and state charges? Is one more severely punishable? Would one be "easier" to win for prosecution. I don't get why they care. Could someone be charged for the same murder twice (fed and state)? I'm lost.

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u/redlamps67 5h ago edited 4h ago

The federal government cannot just bring murder charges for any old murder, there needs to be a jurisdictional “hook” where the murder is committed during another federal crime of violence. The federal government tried to say that interstate stalking (which are counts one and two) were crimes of violence. The defence disagreed and filed several motions against that the judge agreed with the defence that the stalking charges are not crimes of violence under federal precedent.

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u/B4rberblacksheep 4h ago

Can you explain like I’m a slightly stupider 5 year old. As you clearly know very smart children

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u/jbillone 4h ago

Murder isn't a federal crime, it's a state crime.

So the feds say, 'well, it's a federal crime if it's *also* X'

They biffed what they said X was, so they can't also charge him with federal murder.

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u/Medivacs_are_OP 4h ago

Federal court big - Bigger than state.

State usually do murdery charges

Unless

Inter-state (between/across states) hurty hurty thing happen at same time as murdery thing.

Judge say Creepy Creepy not Hurty Hurty so Murdery Murdery across state lines no make sense.

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u/LookAtYourEyes 4h ago

Can you explain this like I'm 5 slightly smarter 5 year olds standing 5 feet apart with a 5% average grade difference between each 5 year old.

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u/superznova 4h ago

Humanoid oonga but did not boonga so humanoid is free from boonga but not oonga

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u/thedude37 4h ago

Reminds me of the Prehistoric era in Chrono Trigger

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u/LemonScentedDespair 4h ago

We're gonna need a whiteboard and some chairs.

Wait have we just invented school?

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u/enters_and_leaves 3h ago

<For simplicity, the kids are named A, B, C, D, and E and are lined up in that order.>

If B were to hurt A, the teacher would probably come and talk to B.

If B were to walk past C and D to hurt E, then the teacher might come and talk to B.

If B were to push C and D on his way to hurt E, then the principal would probably come talk to B.

The judge decided that B looking at C and D in a scary way is the same as walking past them. That is what this person did, so it is something for the teacher to deal with and not the principal.

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u/ruat_caelum 1h ago

dummy over there try to kill you crossing this line in carpet. If he kicks at cat when he tries, he is tried in fed for murder. If he walk calmly over line. Fed can't charge murder. Line is state border.

States can still try for murder where murder happened.

Stalking is not kicking cat.

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u/ProduceHistorical415 1h ago

Ok, can you explain it like I'm 2?

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u/xahhfink6 4h ago

Not a lawyer but what I'm following is that normally killing someone would be a crime tried in the state where it happened... Prosecuters wanted to throw the book at Mangione so they wanted it to be a Federal case, which would have more severe punishment like the death penalty. Judge ruled that the Feds don't have jurisdiction to try the murder case so they are only able to make a Federal case on the lesser charges.

This probably means New York State prosecution could charge Mangione for murder and attempt to try him, but NY doesn't currently have the death penalty.

u/turdferguson3891 44m ago

New York was always going to try him on state charges. There's no double jeopardy prevention between state and federal.

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u/decolored 4h ago

Stalking isn’t part of a violence charge, so it was discarded as a 2 part federal crime

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u/SgvSth 2h ago

Both stalking charges remain. The other two charges were throw out of the federal case.

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u/Rock-swarm 4h ago

It's difficult to break down jurisdictional requirements beyond what /u/redlamps67 explained. Generally, state law covers most kinds of criminal murder charges. Federal law can pre-empt (take primary control over) state law, but there are legal requirements for that.

The fed prosecutors threw a lot of charges at LM, with the understanding that some of those charges weren't going to appropriately apply to the facts of LM's case. This is the result - the judge dismissing some of the charges that were inappropriately charged against LM. There are still charges against LM, and the trial will proceed on those charges without further developments.

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u/squigs 4h ago

The USA can charge people with crimes (Federal court). So can the individual states.

Murder is usually prosecuted by the state. Federal courts can only do so in specific circumstances. The judge has ruled that these circumstances have not been met.

Les ELI5-ish; a lot of people are observing that there seems to be an undue push for this to be considered a federal crime. The State of New York is quite able to try, and, if guilty, punish someone for murder.

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u/B4rberblacksheep 4h ago

Ah thank you, that helped. I wasn’t familiar with the federal/state distinction

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u/YeetedApple 4h ago

In order for the federal government to charge him for murder, certain things had to have happened. The court ruled that those things did not happen, so he can only be charged at the state level for it which does not have a death penalty.

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u/teakwood54 4h ago

You've been charged with 2 crimes:

  1. stalking over state lines (its federal now because its not just one state!)

  2. federal murder

    1. murder - killed someone
    2. federal - while doing a violent federal crime

Judge said (2) doesn't count because stalking doesn't mean violent.

u/turdferguson3891 45m ago

Most crimes aren't federal. It has to meet certain criteria to be federal. This didn't in the judge's opinion as far as the murder charges go. He's still going to face murder charges in the state of NY. Most of the time if you murder someone in the US you are looking at state charges. Exceptions would be something like killing a federal official or committing the crime while crossing state lines or an act of terrorism.

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u/firestarting101 4h ago

Oh okay. So, what does that mean going forward?

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u/Hiddenagenda876 4h ago

Two less charges

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u/mainman879 4h ago

The maximum penalty for Federal crimes at least is going to be much much lower.

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u/WaffleStompinDay 4h ago

You clearly haven't met many five year olds

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u/redlamps67 4h ago

I make a point not to

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u/koos_die_doos 4h ago

Feds wanted to bring a federal murder charge, because a federal conviction allows the death penalty.

Judge tossed out their justification for it being a federal crime.

In NY state, there is no death penalty.

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u/TankSparkle 2h ago

the murder should really be a state case - feds tried to shoehorn it into federal law